forces presenting minimal differences of structure and whose physiological activity may be transformed. The androsterone can have both a masculinizing and a feminizing action. The esterone and the estradiol, following the nature and dose of the solvent, have both masculinizing and feminizing properties in the differentiation of the batrachian. The ovary of a mouse transplanted into the ear secretes a masculinizing substance. The urine of a stallion contains strong quantities of estrogenic substance, which seem to be derived from the male hormone produced by the gonads.' (Louis Gallien, Sexuality, p. 114)

Man is not responsible for the direction of his sexual instinct. All that society can rightly require of him is that he dominate his instinct sufficiently not to encroach upon the rights of others. 'Whether one wishes it or not, whatever idealism one pro fesses, the edifice of human love, with all that the word implies of bestiality and of sublimation, of madness and sacrifice, with all that it signifies of the frivolous, the moving, or the terrible, is constructed upon minimal, molecular differences of some derivatives of phenanthrene.' (Jean ho stand, Thoughts of a Biologist, p. 59)

Homosexuality is a congenital type of love and consequently justified. It is not a neurosis, but a variety of which the biologist offers numerous examples.

'The function of woman,' said Auguste Comte, 'if it could be accomplished without the participation of man, would become more noble, more altruistic, and would serve a collective purpose as much in its origin and exercise as in its result afterwards." (Politique Positive, IV, 58, cited by Jean Rostand) Parthogenesis sometime may be able to realize this dream. Already the biologist by puncturing an egg with a stylet filled with blood has brought a tadpole into existence without a father. Artificial parthogenesis has been obtained among numerous invertebrates, batrachians, fish, and even among the mammals, one, the rabbit. The day could be near when human beings are born without a father.

The male can equally pretend to descendants which have need only of him. The biologists have succeeded with androgenesis among the batrachians (frogs and salamanders). 'It is a matter here,' writes Jean kostand, 'of eliminating the maternal nucleus, so that one causes to be born a product which has all the cellular nuclei from the paternal nucleus only. In order to assure this elimination, one submits the egg to the action of a radioactive preparation (radium or mesotherium), or further, intervening after fertilization, he destroys the maternal

one

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